Those who are united into one body

(*To take away all such mutual grievances discount oakleys, injuries and  wrongs, i.e. such as attend men in the state of nature, there was  no way but only by growing into composition and agreement amongst  themselves, by ordaining some kind of govemment public, and by  yielding themselves subject thereunto, that unto whom they  granted authority to rule and govem, by them the peace,  tranquillity and happy estate of the rest might be procured.  Men  always knew that where force and injury was offered, they might  be defenders of themselves; they knew that however men may seek  their own commodity, yet if this were done with injury unto  others, it was not to be suffered, but by all men, and all good  means to be withstood.  Finally, they knew that no man might in  reason take upon him to determine his own right, and according to  his own determination proceed in maintenance thereof, in as much  as every man is towards himself, and them whom he greatly  affects, partial; and therefore that strifes and troubles would  be endless, except they gave their common consent, all to be  ordered by some, whom they should agree upon, without which  consent there would be no reason that one man should take upon  him to be lord or judge over another, Hooker's Eccl. Pol. l. i.  sect. 10.)        Sec. 92.  For he that thinks absolute power purifies men's  blood, and corrects the baseness of human nature, need read but  the history of this, or any other age, to be convinced of the  contrary.  He that would have been insolent and injurious in the  woods of America, would not probably be much better in a throne;  where perhaps learning and religion shall be found out to justify  all that he shall do to his subjects, and the sword presently  silence all those that dare question it: for what the protection  of absolute monarchy is, what kind of fathers of their countries  it makes princes to be and to what a degree of happiness and  security it carries civil society, where this sort of government  is grown to perfection fake oakley sunglasses, he that will look into the late relation  of Ceylon, may easily see.       

But because no political society can be, nor subsist, without  having in itself the power to preserve the property, and in order  thereunto, punish the offences of all those of that society;  there, and there only is political society, where every one of  the members hath quitted this natural power, resigned it up into  the hands of the community in all cases that exclude him not from  appealing for protection to the law established by it.  And thus  all private judgment of every particular member being excluded,  the community comes to be umpire, by settled standing rules,  indifferent, and the same to all parties; and by men having  authority from the community, for the execution of those rules,  decides all the differences that may happen between any members  of that society concerning any matter of right; and punishes  those offences which any member hath committed against the  society, with such penalties as the law has established: whereby  it is easy to discern, who are, and who are not, in political  society together.  Those who are united into one body, and have a  common established law and judicature to appeal to, with  authority to decide controversies between them, and punish  offenders, are in civil society one with another: but those who

have no such common appeal, I mean on earth, are still in the  state of nature, each being, where there is no other, judge for  himself, and executioner; which is, as I have before shewed it,  the perfect state of nature.         

Sec. 90.  Hence it is evident, that absolute monarchy, which  by some men is counted the only government in the world, is  indeed inconsistent with civil society, and so can be no form of  civil-government at all: for the end of civil society replica oakley sunglasses, being to  avoid, and remedy those inconveniencies of the state of nature,  which necessarily follow from every man's being judge in his own  case, by setting up a known authority, to which every one of that  society may appeal upon any injury received, or controversy that  may arise, and which every one of the* society ought to obey;  where-ever any persons are, who have not such an authority to  appeal to, for the decision of any difference between them, there  those persons are still in the state of nature; and so is every  absolute prince, in respect of those who are under his dominion.        (*The public power of all society is above every soul  contained in the same society; and the principal use of that  power is, to give laws unto all that are under it, which laws in  such cases we must obey, unless there be reason shewed which may  necessarily inforce, that the law of reason, or of God, doth

enjoin the contrary, Hook. Eccl. Pol. l. i. sect. 16.)